How was the USA Founded on Christianity??

Many of the Founding Fathers were Deists, whether or not you view Deism as Christianity is up to you!

How to tame my human aggressive Silky Terrier?

I have a 3 year old Silky Terrier that up until last year was as sweet as can be. I lived with my ex for a while and I strongly believe that his sister corrupted him. At first he was only aggressive towards his sister; but then he started to become more and more aggressive towards not only me, but my ex as well. Over the past six months he has bitten me and drawn blood four times. I've noticed when he knows he's done something wrong, or thinks he's going to get into trouble, he becomes irate. I try to be calm and cool to try to keep him that way, but it doesn't work. When he's upset, there isn't any calming him down until I can get him on to his side and calm him down that way. He's socialized with other dogs and humans, but for whatever reason he will be quick to flip on the nearest person if they do something he doesn't like. When training him, he doesn't like when I offer him a treat, he snaps at me. I can't put treats in his kong because he becomes possessive and aggressive. I'm not sure what to do with him, I don't want to give him up, but I also don't want to pay a ton of money to try to fix a dog that may be unfixable. How can I become the pack leader to him?

What's wrong with my mother and my whole family?

It sounds like your mother has a lot of issues. The first thing you need to realize is that it's not about you. It's not your fault. This is a poisonous environment for you and you need to get out of it. You're legally an adult so I would move out if I were you. Then I would stay away from her for the rest of my life, if I were you. It's not fair for her to dump her issues on you. She needs proffessional help.

Does human mutation rate affect established calculation of TMRCA?

recent headlines tell us human mutation rates may be 1/3rd of previous estimates; further, rates can vary from person to person by as much as 3x. On the basis of this new information, do we need to amend the established calculation of TMRCA [time to most recent common ancestor]?

Isn't a penny legal tender?

Pennies are legal tender, but businesses have the right to refuse them. Think about it this way, some businesses dont accept bills over $20, however a 50 is legal tender. It is the same principle. Read this article provided, it'll explain all your questions.

Horribly devastated and depressed..how do I cope?

Firstly it is natural to do what your doing.. If you weren't breaking down and crying I'd think there was something wrong with you or you just didn't care. Honestly you just need to pack up and leave you sound like you have very low self confidence and possibly a love addiction problem. I am just being honest with you and not trying to put you down but giving you the real breakdown. He probably does love you but he doesn't want you anymore. I'd leave

Why do so many people believe that religion is entirely an outward reflection?

"inward spiritual relationship to God" You do realize that this 'relationship' is a figment of your mind, right? What you are saying here is that our emotional systems are just as valid as our intellectual systems in determining reality. Emotions are reactions, critical thoughts are proactions. The concept of God is using emotion to fill in the gaps in our intellect. This can be very dangerous to your psyche in practice, as it is a crutch that you will rely upon to make critical decisions. A more healthy route would be to develop your critical thinking skills and use them to replace emotion when making critical decisions.